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HMD Hot Metal Desulphurisation Stations
Hot metal desulphurisation (HMD) is effected either by a powder injection system with refractory lined immersion lance(s) or, in the case of the Kanbara refining (KR) process, by stirring bulk materials into the bath with a refractory lined immersing impeller. In both cases the unit consists of one or two treatment chambers with movable covers, connected to a dedusting system. A slag skimming device including a ladle tilting frame can be integrated or provided in a separate position. Further equipment is a temperature measuring and sampling system.

Characteristics of the design are mono or co-injection of desulphurisation agents, KR-process with impeller, integrated or separate deslagging device.

The process. The hot metal ladle is placed into a treatment chamber. The inert gas supply is connected to the ladle porous plug(s), the treatment chamber is closed by a cover or a hood, dedusting is activated and the injection lance or the impeller is lowered down to the final treatment position. After having injected or stirred in the required amount of desulphurisation agents, the lance or the impeller is retracted and the desulphurisation step is finished. Afterwards the top slag is removed by a slag skimmer. The treatment chamber is opened and the ladle transferred to the BOF shop.

Process characteristics. Extremely low sulphur contents achieved in short treatment times is one of the important advantages of hot metal desulphurisation. The controlled reduction of the sulphur content, an economized selection of desulphurisation agents, low consumption of desulphurisation agents are further benefits. Worldwide more than 20 HMD units have been installed by SMS Mevac GmbH. Among the major units installed in 2001 is the 245 t HMD (co-injection type) for Eko Stahl in Eisenhuettenstadt, Germany.